Actinobaculum massiliense, a grampositive anaerobic coccoid rod colonizing the human urinary tract, belongs to the taxonomic class of actinobacteria. Actinobaculum is a genus of grampositive nonsporulating rods in the family actinomycetaceae. Actinobaculum schaalii can cause urinary tract infections and septicemia but is difficult to identify by cultivation. Sow infection occurs through contact with a contaminated environment or through natural mating with carrier boars. Read first report of actinobaculum schaalii urinary tract infection in north america, diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for. Actinobaculum schaalii, a new cause of knee prosthetic. Urinary tract infection caused by actinobaculum schaalii. Identifying microbes from environment water samples in a discoverybased learning module wenfa ng department of chemical and biomolecular engineering, national university of singapore. Actinobaculum massiliense, a grampositive anaerobic coccoid rod. Actinobaculum suis is a grampositive anaerobic rod bacterium involved in serious forms of urinary infection in gilt swine that result in hematuria, cystitis, and pyelonephritis, which can cause animal death. It grows slowly and therefore is easily overgrown by other pathogens, which are often found concomitantly. Observation of tiny colonies of grampositive, catalasenegative coccoid rods triggered molecular identification based on 16s rrna gene. A bootstrap value of 99% supports the node separating the actinobaculum sp.
However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or. Clinical observation of 19 cases beguelin c, lienhard r, jacquet a, tritten ml, siegrist hh, genne d. Apr 09, 2012 actinobaculum schaalii is a small grampositive coccoid rod that requires co 2 for optimal growth. Actinobaculum schaalii is a facultative anaerobic, grampositive rodshaped species phylogenetically related to actinomyces that is likely part of the commensal flora of the human genitourinary tract. To decipher the prokaryotic composition of the cheese smear microbiome, the surface of a semihard surface ripened cheese was studied postripening by culturebased and cultureindependent molecular approaches. Schaalii, a german microbiologist specializing in actinomycete microbiology. Actinobaculum schaalii is recognized as a facultative anaerobic uropathogen. This microorganism is a difficulttodiagnose pathogen and is rarely involved in systemic or deep infections. Actinobaculum images partners infectious disease images. Isolation and identification is challenging and often needs molecular techniques. Bacteria species used to test analytical specificity of pcr for actinobaculum suis.
The cbs also harbored more common uropathogens, such as proteus mirabilis and aerococcus urinae, supporting the notion that a. Due to its fastidious growth characteristics, the isolation of this anaerobic bacterium is difficult, thus impairing. The second part was to investigate the occurrence of actinobaculum spp. Actinotignum schaalii formerly actinobaculum schaalii. Actinotignum schaalii formerly actinobaculum schaalii, actinotignum urinale and actinotignum sanguinis. Yassin af, sproeer c, pukall r, sylvester m, siering c et al. Actinobaculum suis is a grampositive anaerobic rod bacterium involved in serious forms of urinary infection in gilt swine that result in hematuria, cystitis, and pyelonephritis, which can cause animal.
Oct 26, 2011 actinobaculum schaalii is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic coccoid rod, classified as a new genus in 1997. Diseases of swine jeffrey zimmerman, locke karriker. It is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic coccoid rod, considered a human pathogen. Pdf we report on a new actinobaculum species, actinobaculum massiliae, isolated from.
Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. In vitro susceptibility of actinobaculum schaalii to 12 antimicrobial agents and molecular analysis of. The former name actinobaculum derives from greek noun. Two hitherto unknown bacteria strains 3t and 352 were recovered from the faeces of tibetan antelopes on the tibetqinghai plateau, pr china. He had a complicated medical history of middle cerebral artery stroke and mechanical valve replacement of the aortic valve 2 years earlier and gastricduodenal angiodysplasia. Actinotignum schaalii formerly known as actinobaculum schaalii is a bacterium first isolated from human blood cultures. Actinobaculum massiliae, a new species causing chronic urinary. Actinobaculum schaalii is a grampositive bacillus that was described for the first time in 1997.
The species actinobaculum massiliense was originally described by greub and raoult 2002. Actinobaculum schaalii, a common uropathogen in elderly. Actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain reaction actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain reaction. Endocarditis caused by actinobaculum schaalii, austria. This name became validly published when it appeared on validation list no. Actinobaculum schaalii is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic, nonmotile coccoid rod, classified as a new genus in 1997. An update of the structure and 16s rrna gene sequence. Here, we describe the case of a patient with an untreated a. Actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain reaction. The authors proposed a reclassification of actinomyces suis as actinobaculum suis type species and further described a new species from five clinical isolates two blood cultures and three urine samples, actinobaculum schaalii. Actinobaculum schaalii is an emerging pathogen particularly involved in urinary tract infection of elderly people andor patient with urological risk factors of urinary tract infection. Routine urine samples were obtained from 177 hospitalized patients and 75 outpatients in viborg county, denmark, in 20082009. Now published in association with the american association of swine veterinarians.
Actinobaculum schaalii general information the following information is not yet verified be aware of infections due to a. Today, actinobaculum suis, formerly known as corynebacterium suis and then as eubacterium suis and. Other species described in the same genus include actinobaculum suis, actinobaculum urinale and actinobaculum massiliense. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Actinobaculum schaalii, a new cause of knee prosthetic joint. He had a complicated medical history of middle cerebral artery stroke and. At each rank, the taxa were delineated from each other solely on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence phylogenetic. Due to its fastidious growth characteristics, the isolation of this anaerobic bacterium is difficult, thus impairing the estimation of its prevalence.
Actinobaculum schaalii invasive pathogen or innocent bystander. The complex smear microbiota colonizing the surface of redsmear cheese fundamentally impacts the ripening process, appearance and shelf life of cheese. Upon validation, this name was corrected from actinobaculum massiliae sic to actinobaculum massiliense. Since then it has mainly been reported causing urinary tract infections uti in elderly individuals with underlying urological diseases. Actinomycetaceae are a family of bacteria including numerous parasitic and pathogenic forms. Actinobaculum suis is a grampositive anaerobic rod bacterium involved in serious forms of urinary infection in gilt swine that result in.
Actinobaculum schaalii invasive pathogen or innocent. Identifying microbes from environment water samples in a. For the millions of patients who suffer from blood cancers, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions, actinobac offers new hope because our products specifically target and. The family actinomycetaceae was originally identified in 1918 buchanan 1918 and was the only member of the order actinomycetales following the update of 16s rrna. Actinobaculum, which is phylogenetically related to actinomyces, was initially described by lawson et al. Clinical and microbiological features of actinotignum.
Actinobaculum schaalii an emerging pediatric pathogen. The ninth and latest edition of this comprehensive guide to swine diseases and production information features extensively revised and updated chapters on physical examination and diagnosis, various viral and bacterial diseases including several new disease chapters, other miscellaneous conditions and veterinary practice. Study actinobaculum suis and trueperella pyogenes flashcards from s bs class online, or in brainscapes iphone or android app. Phylogenomics and evolutionary dynamics of the family. Actinobaculum is a recently described genus, of which actinobaculum suis is the type species. Actinobaculum is a recently described genus, of which actinobaculum suis is the type species 7. Characterization of some actinomyceslike isolates from human clinical specimens.
Actinobaculum schaalii as a uropathogen in children lise bols andersen 1, karen marie soby 2, steffen bank 2, birgitte hertz 1 and jorgen prag 2 1department of pediatrics, 2department of clinical microbiology, viborg regional hospital, denmark. Actinotignum formerly known as actinobaculum is a genus in the phylum actinobacteria. The etiologic agent, actinobacillus suis, is only now being studied in detail. The genus actinobaculum was first described in 1997, when it was separated from actinomyces 1, 2. Biohazard level, growth media and temperature, gram stain, industrial applications and more information for actinobaculum suis. To assess the in vitro susceptibility of actinobaculum schaalii to 12 antimicrobial agents as well as to dissect the genetic basis of. Mikrobilaakkeiden kayttosuositukset elainten tarkeimpiin. Since then it has mainly been reported causing urinary tract infections uti in elderly individuals. Pyelonephritis is a serious disease in pig production that needs to be further studied. Actinobaculum suis is an important agent related to urinary infection in swine females. In may 2009, a 52yearold man was hospitalized with middle cerebral artery stroke and fever of unknown origin. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Actinobaculum schaalii was first described as a causative agent for human infection in 1997.
First published in 1958, diseases of swine, tenth edition is a fully revised and updated version of this classic reference. Actinobaculum suis gpenisilliini aminopenisilliinit escherichia coli trimetopriimisulfonamidit aminopenisilliinit 25 mikrobilaakkeiden kayttosuositukset elainten tarkeimpiin tulehdus ja tartuntatauteihin sika sukuelimet sairaus aiheuttajamikrobi ensisijainen hoito toissijainen hoito kohtutulehdus endometriitti koliformit. The purpose of this study was to describe the morphology, investigate the pathogenesis, and evaluate the. Clinical and microbiological features of actinotignum bacteremia. The genus actinotignum contains three species, actinotignum schaalii formerly actinobaculum schaalii, actinotignum urinale and actinotignum sanguinis. In vitro susceptibility of actinobaculum schaalii to 12. Pdf actinobaculum massiliae, a new species causing chronic. Actinobaculum schaalii is a small grampositive coccoid rod that requires co 2 for optimal growth. It has many strains due to differences in their lipopolysaccharides lps, which are known as o antigens and are referred to as o1,o2 and o3 and capsules cps, refered to as k antigen with variants described as k1, k2 and k3. Aug 28, 2012 actinobaculum schaalii was first described as a causative agent for human infection in 1997. The genus actinobaculum is part of the family actinomycetaceae, which also comprises the genera actinomyces, arcanobacterium, and mobiluncus. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a polymerase chain reaction pcr for the detection and identification of a. The ninth and latest edition of this comprehensive guide to swine diseases and production information features extensively revised and updated chapters on physical examination and diagnosis, various viral. Since 1999, actinobaculum schaalii is routinely investigated at our hospital, whenever its presence is suspected due to the detection of minute grey colonies on blood agar.
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